• 1銆label棣欐(🐺)腐璁(🐺)拌呬负浠(🐺)涔堟埓澶寸洈(🐺)
• 2銆label宀(🐺)(bǎo )宠姵鑻卞(biàn )湪(🐺)鐢佃涓婂彂鐜伴珮蹇楄(🐺)繙鏄鍑犻泦
• 4銆label鍘嗗彶(jí )涓婃湁鍝簺浜轰鸡鎯

1銆label棣欐腐璁(cō(🐺)ng )拌呬负浠涔堟埓(🐺)澶寸洈

2銆label宀(🐺)宠姵鑻卞(biàn )湪鐢佃涓(🐺)婂彂鐜(duī )伴珮蹇(🐺)楄繙鏄(🐺)鍑犻(🐺)泦

鏅氫笂锛(bēn )岄珮(🐺)寤哄浗涓(juān )嬬彮(🐺)鍥炲埌瀹讹紝宀(bǎo )宠姵鑻卞(bià(🐺)n )綋鍗冲枈(🐺)浣忥(xì )紝鎶(🐺)婄(péi )櫧澶湅(🐺)瑙佷簡楂樺織杩滅(miè )殑浜嬪憡璇夐珮寤哄浗銆(mò )傜櫧澶湪(🐺)鐢佃涓婅(🐺)鍒(🐺)伴(bà(🐺)n )珮蹇(🐺)楄(🐺)繙(fán )鍙(🐺)涓(🐺)嫳璋堝垽浠鏉埌棣欐腐ftp杩炴帴鍚(🐺)庯紝宀宠姵鑻(pà(🐺)n )辩珛鍗冲氨璺戝幓浼氶(🐺)锛(🐺)岃繙杩滃湴鐪嬭楂樺織杩滃拰璁(🐺)(cōng )拌呭湪璋堣瘽锛屽渤鑺宠(🐺)嫳(🐺)鍠婁簡(🐺)楂樺織(zhī )杩滅殑鍚(🐺)嶅瓧(🐺)鍗磋繕娌湁鑳藉寰(huá(🐺)n )楀(yǔ )埌楂樺織杩滅殑(🐺)鍥(🐺)(qiè )炲簲銆imgsrchttpimg1gtimgcomcdpicshv125222559238552427jpg楂樺缓鍥戒竴鍚氨浠栦(🐺)滑(huá )鏉簡姘旓紝鎬荤畻鍜岄珮(🐺)蹇(🐺)楄(🐺)繙鍐(wǎn )嶆鐩搁紝宀宠姵鑻(🐺)卞(🐺)钩鏃剁殑澶(🐺)棑(🐺)闂効绔炵劧钄簡锛岀(🐺)湡鏄叧閿椂鍒绘帀(🐺)閾惧瓙銆傚(🐺)渤鑺宠嫳(🐺)涔熸(🐺)槑鐧借嚜宸(🐺)辫禌鏋滅(🐺)晱(shǎn )缂棤璇濆彲璇达紝(🐺)灏嗙(🐺)(bēng )濂(🐺)藉(🐺)悕(🐺)瀛(🐺)楃殑(qíng )鎶垫娂鍚(yá(🐺)ng )堢害浜粰(fū )浣犱滑楂樺缓(🐺)鍥(🐺)戒究(🐺)鍥炲眿韬茬潃鍥炪p

3銆label鏈(liàn )夋病鏈夋亹鎬(gǎo )栫殑灏忕瀵嗗彲浠垎浜h3

2003骞(🐺)寸殑鏃跺(🐺)(duò )欙紝閭椂鍊欐(lǐ )垜鎵0宀侊(guā(🐺)ng )紝(rèn )鎴戣(🐺)寰楅潪甯告竻(lè )妤(yú )氾(🐺)(fán )紝鍦(🐺)埛鐖峰鐨勫(🐺)妲愭爲涓嬪彂(🐺)鐢熶簡鑷充粖鎴(🐺)戦兘璁负闈炲父(🐺)鍙曠(kuàng )殑(qí(🐺)ng )浜嬫儏銆h1閭涓崍锛屾垜鐜板湪(🐺)鍙(hù )笉(🐺)杩(🐺)囦粈涔堥(máo )兘(shǐ )鐪嬩笉娓(🐺)呮鎴戣寰(🐺)楋紝澶(chá(🐺)n )皵(🐺)闈(🐺)炲父澶儹锛屼(🐺)篃鏄殤鍋(guō )囷紝浠墠澶湴閮(🐺)借鐑寲(yí )浜嗕(rù )竴鏍(🐺)枫p

鎴戝悆瀹屼互(🐺)鍚庡(🐺)(yǐ )崍(lái )楗拰鎴(🐺)戠埛鐖(🐺)锋垜(🐺)鍏(wéi )荤殑澶粍鐙椾竴璧风帺锛屾垜鎵旀湪澶村畠缁(🐺)欐(lǐ(🐺) )垜鍙煎嚭鍘伙(huǒ )紝姝帺(🐺)寰楀(yǔ )紑蹇冪殑鏃跺(duò(🐺) )欙紝蹇界(jiè )劧(🐺)(zhǐ )闂(hòng )撮(🐺)(cuō )棿澶(chán )粍鐙楀啿鍚(🐺)戦(🐺)櫌闂紝(rè(🐺)n )缁撴潫浣(huàn )垮姴(🐺)鐨(🐺)(fèi )勫彨(chī )锛(🐺)屾垜灏卞噯(ài )澶囧鍘绘壘瀹冿(🐺)紝鐪嬩竴涓嬪彂鐢熶簡浠(🐺)涔堜簨鎯呫p

鍙槸瀹冨洖鍘(zhá )讳互(🐺)鍚(🐺)庝互鍚庡(yǐ )拷鐒堕(duò )棿灏变笉鍙簡锛屽鐫灏惧(jù )反(🐺)灏卞洖鍘讳簡(jiǎn )锛岃娓呮(qì )杩(mà(🐺) )欏彧澶(🐺)粍鐙椾絾(🐺)鏄(tuán )浉褰撳(qìn )潥寮虹(hóng )殑锛屾湁(chì )杩(mà )囧(🐺)拰鏉(🐺)戦(🐺)噷闈殑澶嫾鐙楀挰鏋堕兘(🐺)娌(🐺)湁杈撹繃锛(🐺)(bēn )屼(🐺)絾(ché(🐺)ng )瀹冮偅鏃跺欑殑(qíng )鏍(🐺)(luó )峰(🐺)瓙锛(🐺)(bēn )岀湅(làn )涓婂幓鍍忔(🐺)槸鐪嬪埌浜嗗(🐺)寮烘倣(🐺)鐨(fèi )勪簨鎯呬竴(cūn )鏍凤(🐺)紝(🐺)鎴戜篃鍚(yáng )撳緱鏁嚭闂簡銆(🐺)p

涓嶈繃鐖风埛瀹剁殑闄棬澧欏(luó )褰撶劧(🐺)涓(🐺)嶉珮(🐺)锛屼(wù )篃(🐺)灏变竴绫(líng )冲乏鍙筹紝鑰(🐺)屼笖鏈変竴娈(🐺)垫槸鏈(liàn )妗瓙锛岃(yen )繖涓(🐺)椂鍊欐垜灏辫洞鍒版瀛愬(🐺)悗闈線澶栫湅(🐺)锛岀獊鐒堕棿(ní )闂存(🐺)昏寰椾竴鑲(🐺)緢鍑(🐺)夌殑(🐺)椋庡(🐺)氨鍚(yáng )逛簡杩涙潵(🐺)锛岀劧鍚庡啀鎱戜汉涓(juān )嶅彲鎬濊鐨勪簨(zhuàn )鎯(🐺)呭(🐺)氨鍙戠敓浜嗕粈涔堜簡(🐺)锛屼竴(🐺)(cūn )涓緢(🐺)楂樺(🐺)緢鐦(🐺)(kāi )鐫澶(chán )潅涔变笉鍫殑浜猴(hóu )紝閭潃(xǐ(🐺)n )涓鏍(luó )瑰(🐺)绮楀鐨(🐺)勬(🐺)瀛愬(🐺)(sè )氨璧颁(🐺)簡涓婃(cóng )潵锛屼(wù )絾鏄蛋鐨勫(🐺)緢鎱(🐺)緢鐤叉儷锛屼粬涓彧鐪(🐺)艰寰楁槸绌虹殑锛岃儭瀛愬鍙戜(🐺)篃(mè(🐺)i )閭(lǘ )箞鐭(🐺)紝(rèn )澶氬骞撮緞鎴戜篃鐪嬩笉杩涘幓锛屼粬(🐺)鐩(🐺)(suì )寸洿鐨勫氨璧颁簡杩囧幓(🐺)浜嗐傜(🐺)(yáo )劧鍚庡啀灏辫(🐺)共鍦埛鐖风殑涓妫靛妲愭爲涓嬶紝韫插湪閭噷鍚冧笢瑗挎(kuà )椂(lù )锛(bēn )屽悆鐨勪粈涔堟垜(duǒ )涔熸(🐺)病(bìng )娉剰鍒帮(🐺)紝浣嗘(🐺)槸鏄(🐺)寰楀(yǔ )悆鐩稿緢鎭愭栵紝褰撴(dūn )椂鎴戜篃娌(🐺)(lǐ )暍(🐺)(yē )闇插锛(🐺)岄偅(🐺)鏄紡鍦湪妗(jìn )瓙鍚庨(🐺)潰锛岀洿(🐺)鍒(🐺)颁(🐺)粬(🐺)鎱參鐨勮(🐺)蛋杩(mà(🐺) )溿(🐺)(pàn )傜瓑(🐺)浠栬蛋杩(🐺)滀(🐺)簡鎴戞墠(chǎn )鍘绘(huì )壘澶粍锛屽榛勯偅涓涓嬪(pín )崍(🐺)閮藉氨娌庝箞鍔p

鍚庢潵鎴(xí )戜滑涓(🐺)涓嬫锛(🐺)屽惉鏉戦噷闈殑浜鸿锛(🐺)屾(🐺)垜(duǒ )浠潙瀛愰噷(🐺)闈(🐺)墠(chǎn )鍑犲鏉簡涓涓伃闂箣绁(🐺)(xiè )告(🐺)潃(🐺)浜虹姱(🐺)锛屾潃浜嗛殧(🐺)澹佸幙鐨(🐺)勪竴(🐺)涓(🐺)(juān )潙(🐺)鏀功鍏8鍙紝(rèn )鍚杩(🐺)囨槸鍙笉杩囨瀬鍖(🐺)栫敓鐜夌殑鍘熷洜锛屽惉璇村悗(mán )鏉璀療(liá(🐺)o )鏁(suǒ )戣蛋浜嗐p

鎴戣(🐺)繖涓椂鍊(liàn )欐墠娓呮(🐺)浠墠璺笂缁忚繃鐨勬(🐺)槸涓涓潃浜虹姱(kuā )銆傜幇(🐺)鍦兂涓鎯抽兘(shǐ(🐺) )涓闃靛悗鎬曚笉宸(🐺)插拰(🐺)鍏韩(hán )鍙戞姈銆p

4銆(🐺)label鍘嗗彶涓婃湁鍝簺浜轰鸡(jī )鎯

杩(🐺)囦簡鍑犳棩涓浣(🐺)嶅巻鍙蹭笂鏈(liàn )娈嬫棤浜轰鸡(🐺)鐨(fèi )勭殗甯濓紝浠(xī )栦笉(🐺)浠呭(🐺)紤(🐺)鐖剁(🐺)浜嗙殗浣嶏紝杩樺嚮(🐺)(xiàng )鏉浜嗗厔闀匡紝濂歌(🐺)颈浜嗘瘝(🐺)浜诧(chà )紝(🐺)姝汉(🐺)閭(lǘ )氨鏄殝鐐(liào )甯濄p

鏉箍鏄(🐺)殝鏂囧笣鏉(🐺)潥鐨勫効(xiào )瀛愶紝姝汉闃撮(cuō(🐺) )櫓姣掕荆锛屽伐浜庡(🐺)績璁(🐺)紝涓斿(yóu )張浼氫吉瑁呫傚綋鏃讹紝(🐺)鏉箍鐨勫摜鍝潹鍕囧凡琚珛涓哄瀛愶紝浣嗘潹骞(🐺)垮(kuǎ(🐺) )嵈鏃犳椂鏃犲埢杩樺湪瑙戣鐨(fèi )囦綅銆(🐺)備粬寰堟竻妤氾(🐺)紝(rè(🐺)n )闃荤浠栫櫥(🐺)涓婄殗浣嶇殑姣(🐺)(jiāo )旇緝澶殰纰(pī )嶆槸鏉媷(rù(🐺) )锛屼粬闇瑕佸(huó )敖閫熸潃(xǐn )姝昏繖绉嶉殰纰(pī(🐺) )嶃傝(🐺)岋紝鏉箍缁(zī )撴潫瑷璇(🐺)幓璁(cōng )鐖剁殗鏉(shòu )潥锛屽苟(🐺)灏嗚嚜宸(chén )遍櫡闃辨(🐺)垚涓(juān )浣嶉噸鎯呴噸(🐺)涔夌殑浠(🐺)佹厛鍚涘(🐺)瓙銆p

鏈変(🐺)竴(🐺)娆紝鏉潥(sù )鏃(🐺)犳剰涓潵鍒版潹骞跨殑浣忓锛(bēn )屼粬绐(🐺)佺劧鍙(🐺)戠(zhí )幇(🐺)鏉(🐺)(shòu )箍鐨勪功妗堜笂鎽嗘(jī )弧浜嗕功鍗凤紝鑰屼(wù )竴鏋剁(duò(🐺) )惔鍒欒鍐峰喎鍦(shī )板(🐺)湴(🐺)(bà(🐺)n )绌虹(hóng )疆浜庝竴(cūn )涓钀斤(🐺)紝涓婇潰瀹(🐺)屽(àn )叏瑕嗙(🐺)洊浜嗕(🐺)竴(cūn )灞傜(🐺)伆灏樸傛潹(🐺)鍧氫粠鑰屼互涓猴紝鏉箍鏈笉鍠滀笉鍠滀簬锛(🐺)屽嵈鏄竴涓瀛笉(🐺)(qǐn )鍊殑璇讳(🐺)功浜猴(hóu )紝蹇呮(qì )槸(🐺)蹇楀(🐺)悜杩滃銆傝繕鏈(liàn )変竴涓竴娆(🐺)紝鏉箍璺(🐺)熺潃鍑(🐺)(fù )犲悕闅忎粠(hóng )鍘昏鐚庯紝鍦鏃锋棤(🐺)浜虹(hóng )殑閲(🐺)庡鍒氬阀閬囧埌浜嗕簡(🐺)(jiǎn )涓(🐺)鍦(shī(🐺) )哄闆紝闅(🐺)忎粠浠悍绾疯(🐺)劚涓嬭嚜宸(chén )辩殑(qíng )琛涓烘(🐺)潹(🐺)骞挎姭濂芥(jiè )尅闆(pǎn )紝(rèn )鍙潹骞垮嵈鏂(🐺)劧鍦颁笉鍙楋(🐺)紝璇翠(cuì(🐺) )綘浠(🐺)劚浜嗚(🐺)鏈嶄(zhǎn )负鎴戞尅(🐺)闆紝浣犱(🐺)滑鍙楁(hé )穻鎴戜簬(lù )蹇(jiǎn )冧笉蹇嶏紝涓嶅鎴(🐺)戜滑涓璧疯闆穻鍚紒杩欎欢浜嬫(🐺)儏琚潹鍧(🐺)氬惉(🐺)璇磋繃浜(bāng )嗭紝瀵规潹(🐺)骞(🐺)垮(🐺)張(zhāng )澶氫簡鍑犲垎(🐺)濂芥(🐺)劅锛岃鐫浠栧崄鍒嗙埍(🐺)涔嬪績(🐺)銆p

澶瓙鏉媷(rù )涓(🐺)嶈繃灏(hà(🐺)o )辫繕娌湁澶鐨(🐺)勫績鏈(🐺)(liàn )猴(🐺)紝涓嶆渶(yīng )鍠勯(🐺)暱琛幇锛岄殝鏂囧(🐺)笣鏉潥瀵硅(🐺)繖浣嶅瀛愪竴鐩翠笉鐢氬璋簡锛岀幇鍦(shī )笌(🐺)鏉箍涓姣旇緝姣旇緝锛屾洿鎬昏寰(🐺)(huán )楁棤鍫鐢傚彟锛屾湞寤蜂腑鐨勮澶(chán )氬鑷兘涓(🐺)庢潹骞夸(🐺)氦(🐺)鎯(🐺)呬笉閿欙紝涓炵(🐺)浉鏉礌(🐺)鏇存槸鏉箍(🐺)鐨勯(dān )搧(🐺)鍝滑锛屽湪(🐺)浠栦(🐺)滑(🐺)鐨勯紦鍔(è )笅锛岄殝鏂囧笣鍒版渶鍚庡簾鏉媷(🐺)(rù )鑰(🐺)屾(shēn )敼绔嬫潹骞(🐺)夸负澶瓙銆p

鏉箍鍋氫簡澶瓙鍚庯紝闅(🐺)(wé(🐺)n )嬫枃甯濅究(jiū )灏嗘湞鏀垮浜(🐺)嬮兘浜笌(🐺)鏉(🐺)箍澶勭悊锛岃嚜宸卞畾涓嬪績鍦粊(bǐ )瀵垮鍏(wéi )荤梾銆傚(🐺)(xiào )啀鍚庢(zhì(🐺) )潵锛岄殝鏂囧笣鐨勭梾鍔挎棩娓愪綆娌夛紝渚垮彫鏉箍鏉粊(bǐ )瀵(fèn )垮浜唬(🐺)鍚(yáng )庝簨锛屼互闃蹭竾涓銆傛鏃剁殑(qíng )鏉(🐺)箍锛屾棭浠笉鍐(🐺)嶉煬鍏(wéi )夊吇鏅(🐺)紝浠栧嚌瑙嗙潃(xǐn )濂勫涓鎭殑鐖剁殗锛(🐺)屽(🐺)績涓繕娌湁鍗婂(🐺)(mián )垎鎮(🐺)蹭激锛屽弽鍊掓劅瑙(🐺)夌殗浣嶈揩鍦(🐺)湁鐫(🐺)紝涓嶇绗戦愰寮銆傞殝鏂囧笣铏(xí(🐺)ng )芥畫鍠橈紝浣(🐺)嗕粬棰(chuí(🐺) )嗘偀鍒颁簡鏉(🐺)箍(🐺)姝椂鐨(🐺)勫績鎬(🐺)濓(🐺)紝瑙夌(líng )潃鑷繁鐪嬭蛋浜嗙溂锛岄夐(🐺)敊浜嗗瀛愶紝闅忓(🐺)悗(🐺)澶獋(gāo )涓閫氭潹(🐺)绱犮p

杩(🐺)欎竴娆紝鍙堝(🐺)彂鐢熶簡涓浠朵簨鎯(láng )咃紝浠殝(🐺)鏂囧(🐺)笣涓嬬嫚蹇冭閲嶇(🐺)珛鏉媷涓(🐺)哄瀛愩傚師鏉(🐺)紝闅嬫枃甯(ní(🐺)ng )濇湁涓鍚嶇埍(🐺)濡冨彨瀹崕(yá )澶(🐺)汉锛屽涓鐩撮櫔(lì )渚(🐺)嶅湪鏉潥鐨勭(🐺)梾姒诲墠(🐺)銆傛潹骞挎潵鍘绘帰(🐺)鏈(🐺)涚埗鐨囨(piān )椂(lù )锛岀珶鍙槸(🐺)(yì )鍠滄涓婁簡瀹崕澶(chán )汉鐨勫璨屻傞氳繃杈堝垎锛屾(shēn )潹骞胯偗瀹(🐺)氱瀹崕(yá )澶汉(🐺)涓(juān )烘瘝浜诧(🐺)紝浣嗕粬涓(🐺)濇涓嶇(🐺)(qū )悊浼氫汉(🐺)浼紝褰诲簳娣浜嗗(🐺)銆p

瀹(🐺)崕(yá )澶汉鍚戦殝鏂囧笣鍛(🐺)婂瘑(🐺)浜嗘潹骞(qiān )跨殑鍏借(🐺)锛岄殝鏂囧笣鎬(🐺)掍笉鍙亸锛屼究缁欏簾澶瓙鏉(🐺)媷涓嬪瘑鏃紝娆(🐺)茶浠(🐺)栦笉鑳界户鎵跨殗浣嶃(🐺)傚彲鎯滐紝(rèn )瀵嗘(🐺)棬閮(🐺)借繕娌(🐺)嚭(🐺)瀹紝(🐺)渚胯涓炵浉(shī )鏉礌(🐺)缁(🐺)欐姠浜(🐺)嗛澶翠簡锛屼粠(🐺)鑰屾潹骞(🐺)夸究鐭檽浜嗕竴(🐺)鍒囥傚湪鏉礌鐨勫崗(gǎng )鍔笅锛屼(wù )竴(🐺)鍦(🐺)鸿鑵(🐺)斂鍙樺啀娆垎鍙戜簡(🐺)銆(🐺)傛潹骞垮畨鎺(🐺)掑浜(🐺)嗗彲淇殑鍗叺鎺(zǔ )埗骞跺叆(ài )涓讳簡闆烽(🐺)福浠佸瀹(🐺)紝(🐺)鎺潃灏嗛殝鏂(ōu )囧笣鏉姝伙紝(🐺)浠栫櫥(chú )鍩轰(hōng )负甯濈鍙栦簡鐨囦綅(qīn )銆(mò(🐺) )p

鏉箍(🐺)褰撲(pū )笂(🐺)鐨(🐺)囧(jiǒ(🐺)ng )笣锛屼(🐺)究椤虹悊鎴愮珷鍦板(🐺)湴(bàn )鐙嚜闇稿崰浜嗗鍗庡(🐺)(yǐ )浜猴紝(🐺)灏嗚(🐺)繖浣嶆瘝浜(bāng )茬撼涓哄珨濡冦(🐺)(kòu )備(bèi )粬鏄负宸浐鑷繁鐨(🐺)勭殗浣嶏(pèi )紝杩樺皢鍝摜(guàn )鏉媷鏁欐潗涔犻瑙瓟涔(🐺)濅釜鍎垮瓙(🐺)褰诲(huì )簳鏉姝(shū )伙紝杩欎竴鍑(🐺)轰(🐺)汉浼儴鍓(jí )紝鍦崐涓腑鍥藉(🐺)巻鍙蹭笂(wán )涔熸瀬涓(🐺)哄皯瑙侊紒(jì(🐺) )

濂囬(🐺)椈寮備簨锛岀(chū )簿褰悍(hàn )鍛堬(🐺)紒鍠(🐺)滄(🐺)灏卞叧娉锛侌煃馃崁